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热电偶材料的
物理性质
| 性质 | J 铁 |
J, C, T 康铜 |
T 铜 |
K, E 镍铬合金 |
K 铝镍合金 |
N 镍铬硅合金 |
N 镍硅合金 |
R Pt13% Rh | S Pt10% Rh | R,S 铂 | B Pt30% Rh | B Pt6% Rh |
| 熔点 （固相线温度） ˚C ˚F |
1490 2715 |
1220 2228 |
1083 1981 |
1427 2600 |
1399 2550 |
1420 2590 |
1330 2425 |
1860 3380 |
1850 3362 |
1769 3216 |
1927 3501 |
1826 3319 |
|
电阻率
µΩ·cm 0˚C时 20˚C时
Ω cmil/ft
0˚C时 20˚C时 |
8.57 9.67 51.5 58.2 |
48.9 48.9 294.2 294 |
1.56 1.724 9.38 10.37 |
70 70.6 421 425 |
28.1 29.4 169 177 |
97.4 97.8 |
32.5 34.6 |
19.0 19.6 114.3 117.7 |
18.4 18.9 110.7 114.0 |
9.83 10.4 59.1 62.4 |
19.0 114.5 |
17.5 106 |
| 电阻的温度系数 Ω/Ω· ˚C (0 ~ 100˚C) |
65 x 10-4 | -0.1 x 10-4 | 43 x 10-4 | 4.1 x 10-4 | 23.9 x 10-4 | 13.3 x 10-4 | 12.1 x 10-4 | 15.6 x 10-4 | 16.6 x 10-4 | 39.2 x 10-4 | 13.3 x 10-4 | 20.6 x 10-4 |
| 热膨胀系数 in./in. ˚C (20 ~ 100˚C) |
11.7 x 10-6 | 14.9 x 10-6 | 16.6 x 10-6 | 13.1 x 10-6 | 12.0 x 10-6 | 9.0 x 10-6 | 9.0 x 10-6 | 9.0 x 10-6 | ||||
|
100˚C时的导热率 Cal·cm/s·cm2·˚C BTU·ft/h·ft2·˚F |
0.162 39.2 |
0.0506 12.2 |
0.901 218 |
0.046 11.1 |
0.071 17.2 |
0.0358 8.67 |
0.0664 16.07 |
0.088 21.3 |
0.090 21.8 |
0.171 41.4 |
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20˚C时的比热， cal/ g·˚C |
0.107 | 0.094 | 0.092 | 0.107 | 0.125 | 0.11 8.52 |
0.12 8.70 |
0.032 | ||||
|
密度
g/cm3 lb/in3 |
7.86 0.284 |
8.92 0.322 |
8.92 0.322 |
8.73 0.315 |
8.60 0.311 |
0.3078 |
0.3143 | 19.61 0.708 |
19.97 0.721 |
21.45 0.775 |
17.60 0.636 |
20.55 0.743 |
|
抗张强度
（已退火 MPa psi |
345 50,000 |
552 80,000 |
241 35,000 |
655 95,000 |
586 85,000 |
690 100,000 |
621 90,000 |
317 46,000 |
310 45,000 |
138 20,000 |
483 483 |
276 40,000 |
| 磁吸引力 | 强 | 无 | 无 | 无 | 中 | 无 | 无 | 无 | 无 | 无 | 无 | 无 |
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| N=负极 P=正极 |
JP | JN,TN ENa |
TP | KP, EP |
KN | NP | NN | RP | SP | RN, SN |
BP | BN |
| 元件 | 公称化学成分，% | |||||||||||
| 铁 | 99.5 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 碳 | b | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 锰 | b | ... | ... | ... | 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 硫 | b | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 磷 | b | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 磷 | b | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1.4 | 4.4 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 镍 | b | 45 | ... | 90 | 95 | 84.4 | 95.5 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 铜 | b | 55 | 100 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 铬 | b | ... | ... | 10 | ... | 14.2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 铝 | ... | ... | ... | ... | 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 铂 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 87 | 90 | 100 | 70.4 | 93.9 |
| 铑 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 13 | 10 | ... | 29.6 | 6.1 |
| 铑 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 13 | 10 | ... | 29.6 | 6.1 |
| ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 0.15 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 0.15 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
aJN、TN和EN型热电偶通常包含少量的各种元素来控制热电动势，相应减少镍成分或铜成分，或二者均减少。
b热电铁 (JP)包含少量这些元素，但含量不同。